Have/Get Something Done - kiedy używać i jak budować zdania

Szybka ściąga

Najważniejszy wzór:

HAVE / GET + OBJECT + PAST PARTICIPLE (V3)

• I had my hair cut yesterday.
• We are having the kitchen renovated.
• She will get her laptop repaired.

Konstrukcja zwykle oznacza, że nie wykonujemy czynności sami. Organizujemy, zlecamy lub sprawiamy, że ktoś wykonuje ją dla nas.

Podstawowy schemat

Nie: I cut my hair yesterday, jeśli fryzjer wykonał usługę. Poprawnie: I had my hair cut yesterday.

Have czy get

Obie konstrukcje mogą oznaczać zlecenie usługi:

• I had my car repaired.
• I got my car repaired.

Get jest często bardziej nieformalne i może mocniej sugerować doprowadzenie sprawy do skutku. W zadaniu maturalnym należy przede wszystkim zachować podany wyraz kluczowy.

Konstrukcja w czasach

Odmieniamy tylko have lub get. Rzecz i V3 pozostają na swoich miejscach.

Pytania i przeczenia

Pytania i przeczenia tworzymy zgodnie z czasem:

• Do you have your car serviced regularly?
• Did she get her passport renewed?
• Are they having the windows replaced?
• I don't have my clothes cleaned there.
• He didn't get the document translated.

Usługa i nieprzyjemne zdarzenie

Najczęściej konstrukcja oznacza zaplanowaną usługę:

• We had the bathroom renovated.
• She gets her nails done every month.

Może jednak opisywać nieprzyjemne zdarzenie, którego podmiot nie planował:

• He had his wallet stolen.
• She had her bag damaged on the flight.
• They had their house broken into.

Znaczenie wynika z kontekstu. He had his wallet stolen nie oznacza, że zlecił kradzież.

Have somebody do something

Wzór:

HAVE + PERSON + V1

Oznacza polecenie, zlecenie lub zorganizowanie, by konkretna osoba coś zrobiła:

• I had the assistant print the documents.
• She had her brother carry the boxes.
• The manager had us rewrite the report.

Porównaj:

• I had the documents printed. - dokumenty zostały wydrukowane.
• I had the assistant print the documents. - wskazuję wykonawcę.

Get somebody to do something

Wzór:

GET + PERSON + TO + V1

Często sugeruje przekonanie lub nakłonienie kogoś:

• I got Tom to help me.
• She got the technician to check the system.
• We couldn't get him to change his mind.

Po have + person używamy V1 bez to. Po get + person używamy to + V1.

Have something done a get somebody to do

• We had the computer repaired.
• We had the technician repair the computer.
• We got the technician to repair the computer.

Transformacje maturalne

Z usługi na konstrukcję kauzatywną

A mechanic repaired my car.

I had my car repaired.

A photographer is taking their wedding photos.

They are having their wedding photos taken.

Z have na get

She had her dress altered.

She got her dress altered.

Z wykonawcą

I persuaded Tom to install the software.

I got Tom to install the software.

I asked the assistant to prepare the room.

I had the assistant prepare the room.

Typowe połączenia

• have your hair cut - obciąć włosy u fryzjera
• have your eyes / teeth checked - zbadać wzrok / zęby
• get your phone repaired - oddać telefon do naprawy
• have your photo taken - zrobić sobie zdjęcie
• have the house painted - zlecić malowanie domu
• get a document translated - zlecić tłumaczenie dokumentu
• have a suit made - uszyć garnitur na miarę
• get the locks changed - wymienić zamki

Najczęstsze błędy

Ćwiczenie 1 - uzupełnij

1. I had my laptop _____ (repair) yesterday.
2. We are having the kitchen _____ (paint).
3. She gets her hair _____ (cut) every month.
4. They will have the documents _____ (translate).
5. You should get your eyes _____ (test).
6. He had his wallet _____ (steal) on the train.

Ćwiczenie 2 - transformacje

1. A dentist checks my teeth twice a year. HAVE
2. A mechanic repaired Kate's car. HAD
3. Someone is installing our new windows. HAVING
4. I persuaded Mark to carry the boxes. GOT
5. The manager ordered the assistant to send the email. HAD

Ćwiczenie 3 - popraw błędy

1. I had repaired my watch last week.
2. She got cleaned her coat.
3. We are having replaced the windows.
4. I had the technician to check it.
5. She got her brother carry the bags.
6. You should have check your eyes.

Odpowiedzi

Ćwiczenie 1: 1. repaired, 2. painted, 3. cut, 4. translated, 5. tested, 6. stolen.

Ćwiczenie 2: 1. I have my teeth checked twice a year. 2. Kate had her car repaired. 3. We are having our new windows installed. 4. I got Mark to carry the boxes. 5. The manager had the assistant send the email.

Ćwiczenie 3: 1. had my watch repaired, 2. got her coat cleaned, 3. having the windows replaced, 4. had the technician check, 5. got her brother to carry, 6. should have your eyes checked.

Zapamiętaj przed maturą

W konstrukcji have / get something done odmieniasz have lub get, następnie podajesz rzecz lub osobę, a na końcu V3. Nie myl jej z have + person + V1 i get + person + to + V1.